1. What are the most popular cultural attractions in Wakkanai?
Some of the most popular cultural attractions in Wakkanai include:
1. Wakkanai Park: This large park is known for its beautiful cherry blossoms in the spring and its panoramic views of the city and nearby islands.
2. Soya Misaki: This cape is the northernmost point of Japan’s main island and offers stunning views, a lighthouse, and a monument dedicated to Dr. Nishi Seiken, who led Japan’s first overland expedition to Antarctica.
3. Wakkanai Maritime Museum: This museum showcases the history and development of seafaring in Wakkanai, with exhibits on fishing, whaling, and shipbuilding.
4. Cape Nosappu Lighthouse: Located on the easternmost point of Hokkaido, this historic lighthouse is a symbol of Wakkanai and offers sweeping views of the Sea of Okhotsk.
5. Ogon Shrine: This Shinto shrine is dedicated to Benzaiten, the goddess of arts and music. It is said that if you write your wish on a gold leaf and hang it at this shrine, it will come true.
6. Ainu Culture Center “Ikor”: This center features interactive exhibits on the culture and history of Ainu people, indigenous to Hokkaido.
7. Northern People Ban’ei Horse Racing Experience Center: Visitors can learn about traditional horse racing in Hokkaido and try their hand at driving ban’ei horses themselves.
8. Bokodai Observatory: From this observation deck located atop Mt. Bokodai, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of Wakkanai City, Rishiri Island, Rebun Island, and Soya Strait.
9. Hamanasuno History Museum: This small museum displays artifacts related to ancient Jomon culture, including pottery and tools found in the region.
10. Wakkanai Fisherman’s Wharf MOO Market: A popular spot for shopping and dining, this market features fresh seafood and local delicacies, as well as a seafront observation deck.
2. How has Wakkanai’s culture evolved over time?
The culture of Wakkanai has evolved over time in several ways:
1. Historical Influences: Wakkanai was originally settled by the indigenous Ainu people, who had their own unique culture and traditions. However, with the arrival of Japanese settlers in the late 19th century, their culture began to blend with Japanese customs and traditions.
2. Development of Fishing Industry: Wakkanai’s location on the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean has made it an important fishing hub, leading to the development of a strong fishing industry. As a result, seafood has become an important part of Wakkanai’s cuisine and cultural identity.
3. World War II: During World War II, Wakkanai served as a military base for both Japan and the Soviet Union. This influx of different cultures and people greatly influenced the city’s culture and led to increased diversity.
4. Post-war Reconstruction: After Japan’s defeat in World War II, many buildings in Wakkanai were destroyed or damaged. In order to rebuild their homes and businesses, residents had to work together, fostering a strong sense of community and cooperation that is still evident today.
5. Modernization: With advancements in transportation and technology, Wakkanai has become more connected to other parts of Hokkaido and Japan. This has resulted in a blending of cultures from different regions which has further enriched the city’s cultural fabric.
6. Tourism: In recent years, there has been an increase in tourism to Wakkanai due to its scenic beauty, including its famous views of Rishiri Island and Rebun Island. This influx of visitors has brought new perspectives and influences from around the world.
As a result of these factors, Wakkanai’s culture continues to evolve with a mix of traditional customs and modern influences that make it a unique and dynamic city.
3. What traditional festivals and events take place in Wakkanai?
There are several traditional festivals and events that take place in Wakkanai:1. Wakkanai Snow Festival: This festival takes place in mid-February and features ice sculptures, snow slides, and other winter activities.
2. Soya-Kitsune (Arctic Fox) Festival: Held in late February, this festival celebrates the native Arctic fox and features traditional ceremonies, parades, and performances.
3. Wakkanai Seamen’s Festival: This festival celebrates the seafaring history of Wakkanai and includes boat races, fireworks displays, and other maritime-themed events.
4. Gion Festival: A religious procession featuring ornate floats and traditional performances that takes place in July.
5. Wakkanai Beer Festival: A summer event where visitors can sample a variety of local and international beers.
6. Kita no Uta Matsuri (Song of the North Festival): This musical festival showcases traditional Ainu music as well as performances from local musicians.
7. Wakkanai Fireworks Display: Held every August, this event is one of the largest fireworks displays in Hokkaido with over 10,000 fireworks launched over the Sea of Japan.
8. Kamome-tei (Seagull Party): An annual winter event where people gather to feed wild seagulls by hand at Noshappu Misaki Park.
4. Are there any unique customs or traditions in Wakkanai?
– One unique tradition in Wakkanai is the ritual of “Sanja Matsuri,” which takes place at a shrine called Wakkanai Hachiman Shrine. In this ritual, large wooden pillars are carried by participants through the streets to bring good luck and prosperity to the city.Additionally, every winter there is an Ice Break Festival where locals and tourists can see ice-breaking ships in action on the Sea of Okhotsk, and also enjoy various winter activities such as snow sculptures, ice slides, and outdoor hot springs.
Another tradition that holds significance in Wakkanai is the practice of whale hunting. Although it is controversial globally, whale meat has been a staple in Wakkanai’s diet for centuries and is still enjoyed as a special delicacy during festivals and other important events.
5. How do the locals preserve their cultural heritage in Wakkanai?
The locals in Wakkanai preserve their cultural heritage through various methods, including:
1. Traditional Festivals: Wakkanai is known for its numerous traditional festivals such as the Omagari summer festival and the Wakkanai fishery festival, which showcase traditional dances, music, and food.
2. Traditional Crafts: Local artisans in Wakkanai continue to practice traditional crafts such as weaving, pottery making, and wood carving, preserving these ancient techniques for future generations.
3. Local Cuisine: The cuisine in Wakkanai reflects its unique cultural heritage, with dishes incorporating local ingredients and cooking methods that have been passed down for generations.
4. Museums and Cultural Centers: The city has several museums and cultural centers dedicated to preserving and showcasing its history and traditions. These include the Kitami Ezo Museum and the Museum of Northern People’s Culture.
5. Traditional Music and Performance Arts: Traditional musical performances such as Ainu folk songs and drumming are still performed at various events and celebrations in Wakkanai.
6. Preservation of Historical Sites: The city also takes care to preserve historical sites like old houses, shrines, and temples that serve as important reminders of its cultural heritage.
7. Education Programs: Schools in Wakkanai incorporate lessons on local culture and history into their curriculum to educate younger generations about their roots.
8. Cultural Exchanges: The city promotes cultural exchanges with other communities within Japan and internationally to share its unique heritage with others while also learning about different cultures.
6. Is there a significant indigenous presence in Wakkanai’s culture?
As Wakkanai is located in northern Hokkaido, which has a history of indigenous Ainu people living in the region, there is some presence of the Ainu culture in Wakkanai. However, due to colonization and assimilation policies by the Japanese government, the Ainu population and their cultural traditions have significantly declined over time in Wakkanai as well as throughout Japan.
There are still some efforts being made to preserve and promote Ainu culture and traditions in Wakkanai, such as through museums and cultural events. The town also has a small number of residents who identify as Ainu and actively work to keep their cultural heritage alive.
In recent years, the Japanese government has recognized the Ainu as an indigenous people and has taken steps to promote their rights and protect their culture. However, there is still a long way to go in fully integrating Ainu culture into mainstream society in Wakkanai and across Japan.
7. What culinary specialties can be found in Wakkanai that represent its culture?
Wakkanai is a city located at the northernmost tip of Japan’s northern island of Hokkaido. Being surrounded by the sea and having a colder climate, there are certain culinary specialties that represent its unique culture and heritage.
1. Kinki (Hokke): This is a type of local fish that is commonly found in the waters around Wakkanai. It is usually grilled whole and served with a salty-sweet miso sauce.
2. Nokke-don: Also known as “Flickering Bowl,” this dish consists of fresh seafood from Wakkanai’s local fishing port, such as squid, salmon roe, scallops, sea urchins, and other types of sashimi on top of a bed of rice.
3. Seaweed: With an abundance of seaweed in the surrounding waters, Wakkanai has various dishes featuring it as the main ingredient. Popular options include wakame (seaweed) salad, kelp soup, and boiled hijiki seaweed.
4. Pristine Water: Wakkanai is known for its clean and pure water, which is used to produce local delicacies such as sake and shoyu (soy sauce), adding a distinct flavor to these beverages.
5. Soft Serve Ice Cream: Despite the cold climate, soft serve ice cream is a popular treat in Wakkanai. Made with locally produced milk and flavors like fresh Hokkaido strawberries or red bean paste, this dessert reflects the region’s dairy farming industry.
6. Miso Ramen: Unlike traditional ramen broth made with pork bones or chicken stock, Wakkanai-style miso ramen uses locally made soybean paste mixed with lamb broth for a rich and flavorful soup base.
7. Jingisukan: Considered one of Hokkaido’s most famous dishes, jingisukan refers to grilled mutton and vegetables cooked on a dome-shaped skillet. It originated in Wakkanai, where mutton is abundant due to the city’s large sheep farming industry.
8. Are there any museums or historical sites that showcase Wakkanai’s history and culture?
Yes, there are several museums and historical sites in Wakkanai that showcase the city’s history and culture. Here are a few examples:
1. Wakkanai City Museum: This museum presents the history and culture of Wakkanai through exhibits on its natural environment, industries, local festivals, and more.
2. Cape Noshappu Mountain Park and Memorial Hall: Located on Cape Noshappu, this park features a memorial hall that displays artifacts, photographs, and documents related to Wakkanai’s maritime and fishing traditions.
3. Soya Misaki Lighthouse: This historic lighthouse was built in 1879 and is located on the northernmost point of mainland Japan. Visitors can climb to the top for a panoramic view of the surrounding area.
4. Matsumae Kaitakushi Historical Museum: This museum showcases the history of Hokkaido’s northern frontier during the Edo period (1603-1867), including its relationship with Russia.
5. Kitami Family Archive Museum: Housed in a former merchant’s house, this museum displays historical materials related to local families’ lives and business activities.
6. Soyamisaki Nature Center: This center provides information about the flora and fauna of Soya District as well as traditional Ainu culture.
7. Monseki Kotan Ainu Folk Museum: Located in nearby Sarufutsu Village, this museum features traditional Ainu artifacts and offers cultural workshops for visitors.
8. Oketo Historical Museum: Located in neighboring Oketo Town, this museum focuses on the pioneer life in Hokkaido during the late 19th century.
9. Can you recommend any traditional handicrafts or products to purchase in Wakkanai as souvenirs?
Here are a few traditional handicrafts or products that you can purchase in Wakkanai as souvenirs:
1. Washi Paper Products – Washi paper is a type of traditional Japanese paper that is made from the bark of the gampi tree. In Wakkanai, you can find a variety of washi paper products such as stationery, lanterns, and decorative items.
2. Wood Carvings – Wakkanai is known for its skilled craftsmen who create beautiful wood carvings using local materials like driftwood and Hokkaido cedar. You can find a variety of hand-carved items in souvenir shops around the city.
3. Ainu Crafts – The Ainu people are the indigenous people of Hokkaido and have a unique culture and style of crafting. You can find woven baskets, woodcarvings, and traditional clothing inspired by Ainu designs in Wakkanai.
4. Seafood Products – As a coastal city, Wakkanai is known for its fresh and delicious seafood. Pick up some dried seafood such as squid or scallops to bring back home or try some local specialty products like sea urchin paste or crab miso.
5. Fur Products – Due to its proximity to Russia, Wakkanai has a history of fur trading which is reflected in their traditional crafts as well. You can find a variety of fur products like hats, mittens, and jackets made from local animal skins.
6. Sake – Hokkaido produces high-quality sake with unique flavors due to its cold climate and pure water sources. Pick up a bottle of locally brewed sake from one of the many breweries in Wakkanai as a souvenir.
7. Otaru Glassware – Otaru is another city in Hokkaido known for its glassblowing industry. Many shops in Wakkanai sell beautiful Otaru glassware such as cups, plates, and vases.
8. Hokkaido Confectionery – Wakkanai is surrounded by vast fields of wheat and dairy farms, making it a great place to purchase Hokkaido’s famous confectionery products such as Shiroi Koibito cookies or Genghis Khan chocolate bars.
9. Lavender Products – Hokkaido is also known for its lavender fields and you can find a variety of lavender-scented products in Wakkanai such as essential oils, soaps, candles, and more.
10. How does religion play a role in Wakkanai’s culture and daily life?
Religion plays a significant role in Wakkanai’s culture and daily life, as the majority of the population practices Buddhism. Many temples and shrines can be found throughout the city, and religious ceremonies and rituals are an important part of community life.
In daily life, religion is often integrated into daily routines through practices such as prayer, offerings, and visiting temples for blessings or guidance. It also serves as a source of moral guidance and a way to connect with one’s ancestors.
Additionally, religious festivals and events are celebrated throughout the year, bringing people together to honor their beliefs and traditions. These events often include processions, performances, and feasts that further strengthen the community’s ties to their religious beliefs.
Overall, religion is deeply intertwined with the culture and daily life in Wakkanai, providing a sense of spiritual fulfillment for its residents.
11. Are there any cultural experiences or workshops available for tourists to participate in?
Yes, many destinations offer cultural experiences and workshops for tourists to participate in. These can include cooking classes to learn how to make traditional dishes, traditional dance or music lessons, handicraft workshops, and guided tours of historic sites with local experts. Some destinations may also offer opportunities for visitors to learn about traditional customs and practices through immersive experiences such as homestays or cultural festivals. It’s best to research and plan ahead to find out what cultural experiences are available at your desired destination.
12. How do the different seasons and natural surroundings influence Wakkanai’s culture?
The different seasons and natural surroundings greatly influence Wakkanai’s culture in a number of ways:1. Seasonal festivals: Wakkanai celebrates various seasonal festivals throughout the year, such as the Winter Festival in February and the Summer Festival in July. These festivals are deeply rooted in the local culture and offer a glimpse into traditional customs and practices.
2. Dependence on nature: As a northern coastal city, Wakkanai’s economy is largely dependent on fishing and agriculture. The changing seasons affect these industries, dictating what types of fish can be caught and which crops can be grown. This dependence on nature has shaped the local way of life and instilled a deep respect for the environment.
3. Traditional cuisine: The availability of different types of seafood and crops throughout the year also influences Wakkanai’s cuisine. Fresh seafood is a staple in many dishes, while certain seasonal ingredients are used to create specialty dishes unique to the region.
4. Outdoor activities: The surrounding nature offers plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and winter sports like skiing and snowmobiling. These activities have become integral parts of Wakkanai’s culture, promoting physical fitness, connection with nature, and a sense of community.
5. Appreciation for beauty: With its location at the northern tip of Japan, Wakkanai enjoys breathtaking views of nature year-round. From cherry blossoms in spring to fireworks displays in summer to colorful foliage in autumn to magical snowscapes in winter, each season offers its own stunning display that is appreciated by locals and visitors alike.
6. Traditional crafts: The abundant natural resources also serve as inspiration for traditional crafts found in Wakkanai such as woodcarving, pottery making, and weaving using locally sourced materials like wood, clay, reeds, and cloth.
Overall, the diverse natural surroundings and changing seasons have deeply influenced every aspect of Wakkanai’s culture – from food and festivals to traditional crafts and appreciation for the beauty of nature.
13. Are there any notable artists or performers from Wakkanai that have contributed to its cultural scene?
Notable artists and performers from Wakkanai include singer-songwriter Jiro Sugita, folk rock band Onishi Kiyoshi, traditional Japanese musician Yuko Watanabe, and contemporary artist Hiromi Katayama. These artists have all left an impact on the cultural scene of Wakkanai through their music, artwork, and performances.
14. Is there a strong sense of community and pride among the locals for their cultural identity?
This likely varies depending on the specific community and cultural identity in question. In some cases, there may be a strong sense of community and pride among locals for their cultural identity, while in others there may be less emphasis on cultural identity and more focus on other aspects of community. Factors such as history, location, and current social dynamics can all influence the level of community and pride related to cultural identity. Additionally, individual beliefs and experiences may also play a role in shaping one’s sense of community and pride within their cultural identity.
15. What interactions can tourists have with local indigenous communities to learn more about their culture?
1. Participating in cultural activities and ceremonies: Many indigenous communities hold various cultural activities such as dance performances, drumming circles, traditional storytelling, and religious ceremonies. Tourists can participate in these events to learn about their traditions and way of life.
2. Homestays: Some indigenous communities offer homestay experiences where tourists can stay with a local family and learn about their daily routines and customs. This provides a more intimate experience and allows for deeper cultural exchange.
3. Cultural tours: Indigenous communities may offer guided tours that take tourists through their villages, showcasing their traditional homes, buildings, and ways of life. These tours often include demonstrations of crafts, cuisine, and other cultural practices.
4. Traditional craft workshops: Many indigenous communities are known for their unique crafts such as weaving, pottery, or jewelry-making. Tourists can participate in workshops to learn about the techniques used by these communities for generations.
5. Ecotourism initiatives: Some indigenous communities have started ecotourism projects where they lead visitors on guided hikes or nature walks while sharing their knowledge of traditional healing practices and the importance of preserving the environment.
6. Volunteer opportunities: Tourists can also volunteer with community-based organizations working with indigenous groups to help preserve their culture and support sustainable development projects.
7. Community-run tourism programs: In some areas, indigenous communities have created partnerships with tour companies to offer authentic cultural experiences while ensuring that the community retains ownership over their culture and resources.
8. Conversation sessions: In some cases, visitors can engage in conversations with members of the indigenous community who are willing to share their stories and perspectives on their culture, history, and current challenges they face.
9. Visits to sacred sites: Indigenous cultures often have sacred sites that hold great spiritual significance for them. With proper permission from community leaders, tourists may be able to visit these sites accompanied by a local guide who can provide more context and meaning behind them.
10. Participating in traditional meals: Food is an important aspect of any culture, and indigenous communities often have unique traditional dishes that reflect their heritage. Tourists can participate in cooking classes or dine with members of the community to learn more about their cuisine.
11. Language classes: Some indigenous communities offer language classes where visitors can learn the basics of the local language and communicate with community members in their native tongue.
12. Exchange programs: In some cases, indigenous communities may have partnerships with universities or organizations that provide opportunities for cultural exchange programs between tourists and indigenous youth.
13. Attend cultural festivals: Many indigenous communities hold cultural festivals throughout the year, celebrating significant events or practices. These festivals offer a great opportunity to experience the culture first-hand and interact with community members.
14. Buy directly from artisans: Supporting indigenous craftspeople by purchasing goods directly from them not only helps promote sustainable tourism but also allows for a deeper connection with the culture behind their craft.
15. Respectful interaction and engagement: The most important way tourists can interact with indigenous communities is through respectful and responsible behavior, such as asking for permission before taking photos, respecting sacred sites and items, and being mindful of cultural norms and customs.
16. How has modernization affected traditional cultural practices and beliefs in Wakkanai?
Modernization has significantly impacted traditional cultural practices and beliefs in Wakkanai. The city has undergone rapid development, leading to changes in lifestyle, economy, and social values. This has had a direct effect on the cultural practices and beliefs of the local people.
1. Traditional Occupations: One of the major changes brought about by modernization is the shift in occupations. In the past, fishing and agriculture were the main livelihoods of people in Wakkanai. However, with the development of technology and increase in industrialization, many people have moved away from these traditional occupations to pursue jobs in urban areas or work in modern industries such as tourism.
2. Decline of Traditional Festivals: Many traditional festivals and rituals have also declined due to modernization. People are now more preoccupied with their work and daily lives, leaving little time for participating in traditional events or ceremonies. As a result, these cultural practices are gradually disappearing.
3. Westernization: The influx of Western culture through media and technology has also influenced traditional beliefs and customs in Wakkanai. Younger generations are more exposed to Western ideas and lifestyles, leading to a decline in interest and understanding of their own cultural heritage.
4. Changing Family Structure: Modernization has also changed the structure of families in Wakkanai. The extended family system that was once prevalent is now giving way to nuclear families, leading to a breakdown in traditional family customs and roles.
5. Loss of Language: With modernization comes an increase in communication through technology like smartphones and social media platforms. This has led to a decline in the use of traditional languages like Ainu among younger generations.
6. Loss of Knowledge: Modernization has also resulted in a loss of knowledge about traditional practices and beliefs among younger generations as they become less interested or involved with them.
7. Commercialization: Many traditional crafts or products made by hand have been replaced by mass-produced goods due to commercialization. This has affected traditional artisans and their livelihoods, leading to a decline in the continuation of these cultural practices.
In conclusion, modernization has significantly impacted traditional cultural practices and beliefs in Wakkanai. While some customs and traditions are still practiced, they are gradually declining as younger generations become more influenced by modern ways of life. It is essential to preserve and promote these cultural practices to ensure their survival in the face of ongoing modernization.
17. Are there any language barriers for non-Japanese speakers when experiencing local culture?
This could vary depending on the specific local culture and the proficiency of the non-Japanese speaker in the local language. In general, many locals may not be fluent in English or other languages, so there may be some challenges in communication and understanding. However, there are also many resources available for foreigners, such as translation apps, language exchange groups, and tour guides who speak multiple languages. Many Japanese people are also known for their hospitality and willingness to communicate with non-Japanese speakers through gestures and basic English words. Overall, while there may be some language barriers at times, it is still possible to experience and enjoy local culture without speaking Japanese fluently.
18.Is there a specific dress code or etiquette to follow when visiting religious or cultural sites in Wakkanai?
It is recommended to dress modestly and respectfully when visiting religious or cultural sites in Wakkanai. This can include avoiding revealing clothing, covering your shoulders and knees, and removing shoes before entering certain buildings. It is also important to follow any specific customs or traditions of the site, such as bowing, taking off hats, or refraining from speaking loudly. When in doubt, observe and follow the behavior of those around you.
19.What are some lesser-known but interesting aspects of Wakkanai’s culture that often get overlooked by tourists?
1. Ainu heritage: Wakkanai has a significant Ainu population and is home to the Shiraoi Ainu Museum, which showcases their traditional culture and way of life.
2. Whaling history: The city has a long history of whaling and is home to the Wakkanai Whaling Memorial Museum, where visitors can learn about the industry’s impact on the local community.
3. Russia connection: As the northernmost city in Japan, Wakkanai has close ties with Russia. Visitors can take a ferry from Wakkanai port to Sakhalin Island, or visit Chirippusu Beach where they can see Russia across the sea.
4. Kelp harvesting: Wakkanai is known for its nutritious kelp, which is harvested and used in many local dishes. Visitors can even participate in kelp harvesting experiences during certain times of the year.
5. Oyster farming: The cold waters around Wakkanai make it an ideal location for oyster farming, and there are many seafood restaurants that serve fresh oysters on the shell.
6. Traditional festivals: The city hosts several traditional festivals throughout the year, including the Otokuyama Soba Festival in September and Yuki Matsuri (Snow Festival) in February.
7. Unique delicacies: In addition to seafood, Wakkanai also has unique delicacies such as umibudo (sea grapes) and nishimen (a type of local noodle).
8. Outdoor activities: With its location near beautiful natural landscapes, there are plenty of outdoor activities to enjoy in Wakkanai such as hiking, camping, bird-watching, and viewing wildflowers.
9. Haboro coal mine ruins: About an hour’s drive from Wakkanai lies Haboro town with its abandoned coal mining facilities that have become popular for urban exploration.
10. White sand beaches: While Hokkaido may not be known for its beaches, Wakkanai has some picturesque white sand beaches, such as Wakkanai Kaihin Park and Jokamachi Beach.
20.How does the younger generation embrace and carry on traditional cultural practices in modern-day Wakkanai?
The younger generation in modern-day Wakkanai embraces traditional cultural practices in various ways:
1. Participation in Festivals and Events: Many young people actively participate in traditional festivals and events, such as the Wakkanai Festival and the Heso Matsuri (Bellybutton Festival). They often help to organize these events and take part in cultural performances.
2. Learning Traditional Crafts: Younger generations are also interested in learning traditional crafts, such as pottery making, weaving, and papermaking. There are workshops available for them to learn these skills from local artisans.
3. Preserving Local Cuisine: Traditional cuisine is an important part of Wakkanai’s culture, and many young people are interested in preserving and promoting it. They learn how to cook local dishes from their parents or grandparents and often participate in food festivals.
4. Promoting Local Products: The younger generation is also involved in promoting local products, like seafood, agricultural produce, and handicrafts. They use social media to showcase these products to a wider audience.
5. Keeping Traditional Customs Alive: Despite the modern lifestyle, many young people still follow traditional customs like visiting shrines during New Year’s or honoring ancestors during Obon festival. They see it as a way to connect with their roots and show respect for their culture.
6. Engaging with Community Organizations: There are several community organizations that focus on preserving traditional culture in Wakkanai. These organizations welcome the participation of younger generations and provide opportunities for them to learn more about their cultural heritage.
Overall, the younger generation of Wakkanai recognizes the importance of preserving their traditional cultural practices and takes active steps to embrace them while living in a modern society.